diff --git a/.zuul.yaml b/.zuul.yaml
index 2a5f182626..bcbeb56f73 100644
--- a/.zuul.yaml
+++ b/.zuul.yaml
@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@
 - job:
     name: nova-ovs-hybrid-plug
     parent: tempest-multinode-full-py3
+    nodeset: devstack-two-node-debian-bookworm
     description: |
       Run move operations, reboot, and evacuation (via the same post-run hook
       as the nova-live-migration job) tests with the OVS network backend and
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@
         Q_ML2_TENANT_NETWORK_TYPE: vxlan
         Q_ML2_PLUGIN_MECHANISM_DRIVERS: openvswitch
         ML2_L3_PLUGIN: router
+        NOVA_VNC_ENABLED: False
       devstack_services:
         # Disable OVN services
         br-ex-tcpdump: false
@@ -202,6 +204,9 @@
         s-object: false
         s-proxy: false
         openstack-cli-server: true
+        # disable vnc and enable spice
+        n-novnc: false
+        n-spice: true
       devstack_local_conf:
         post-config:
           "/$NEUTRON_CORE_PLUGIN_CONF":
@@ -220,6 +225,8 @@
           Q_ML2_TENANT_NETWORK_TYPE: vxlan
           Q_ML2_PLUGIN_MECHANISM_DRIVERS: openvswitch
           ML2_L3_PLUGIN: router
+          NOVA_VNC_ENABLED: False
+          NOVA_SPICE_ENABLED: true
         devstack_services:
           # Disable OVN services
           br-ex-tcpdump: false
diff --git a/nova/tests/unit/virt/libvirt/test_driver.py b/nova/tests/unit/virt/libvirt/test_driver.py
index 54738567b9..9f75a8cadc 100644
--- a/nova/tests/unit/virt/libvirt/test_driver.py
+++ b/nova/tests/unit/virt/libvirt/test_driver.py
@@ -6077,8 +6077,8 @@ class LibvirtConnTestCase(test.NoDBTestCase,
         self.flags(pointer_model='usbtablet')
 
         video_map = {
-            fields.Architecture.X86_64: 'qxl',
-            fields.Architecture.I686: 'qxl',
+            fields.Architecture.X86_64: 'virtio',
+            fields.Architecture.I686: 'virtio',
             fields.Architecture.PPC: 'vga',
             fields.Architecture.PPC64: 'vga',
             fields.Architecture.PPC64LE: 'vga',
diff --git a/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py b/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py
index 3bb3b7d7d4..c4b06b47be 100644
--- a/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py
+++ b/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py
@@ -6768,8 +6768,6 @@ class LibvirtDriver(driver.ComputeDriver):
             return 'virtio'
         elif guestarch == fields.Architecture.MIPSEL:
             return 'virtio'
-        elif CONF.spice.enabled:
-            return 'qxl'
 
         # NOTE(lyarwood): Return None and default to the default of
         # LibvirtConfigGuestVideo.type that is currently virtio
diff --git a/releasenotes/notes/make-virtio-the-default-spice-video-model-fff5189fa637d4bd.yaml b/releasenotes/notes/make-virtio-the-default-spice-video-model-fff5189fa637d4bd.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6f8a376e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/releasenotes/notes/make-virtio-the-default-spice-video-model-fff5189fa637d4bd.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+---
+upgrade:
+  - |
+    Ubuntu 24.04 does not support the QXL video model or spice.
+    Operators using instances with this video model will be unable to start
+    them if moving to Ubuntu 24.04. CentOS 9 and RHEL 9 previously compiled
+    out support for spice, and as QXL was implemented in libspice, support
+    for QXL was removed as a result for the removal of support for spice.
+    The QXL model was a spice optimized video model and is no longer
+    supported by several distros. To avoid issues with starting instances,
+    operators should change the spice video model from QXL to virtio and
+    replace the spice console with vnc. For existing instances the video
+    model can be updated with the ``nova-manage image_property set`` command.
+    when updating the embedded image properties Operators should evaluate if
+    any glance images request the QXL video model and update them or work
+    with the image owner to have them move to a modern video model.
+fixes:
+  - |
+    When the default video model for libvirt was updated to virtio in Yoga
+    the default for host using spice was not changed. This lead to issues
+    when starting instances on hosts that had spice configured with QXL as
+    the default video model on modern distros. To address this the default
+    spice video model is now virtio.
+    see https://bugs.launchpad.net/nova/+bug/2097529 for more details.